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Neuroinflammation is a crucial driver of multiple neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). Yet, therapeutic targets for ...
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive degenerative disease of the central nervous system associated with neuroinflammation and microglial cell activation. Chemokine signaling regulates neuron-glia communic...
Painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) is one of the most common complications of diabetes. Recent studies suggested that gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to the development of PDN, but underlying mechanisms re...
CAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein β (C/EBPβ) is associated with inflammatory responses in neurodegenerative pathologies, particularly in the brain. However, the regulatory role of C/EBPβ in spinal cord injury and ...
Astrocytes have a beneficial role in tissue repair after central nervous system (CNS) injury. Although astrocyte proliferation is activated in response to injury, the intracellular mechanisms of astrocyte prol...
Seizures is a prevalent neurological disorder with a largely elusive pathogenesis. In this study, we identified the key gene RACK1 and its novel mutation RACK1-p.L206P as being associated with seizures through...
Microglia dysfunction is implicated in several neurodegenerative disorders, including a rare microgliopathy; CSF1R-related adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia (CSF1R-ALSP)....
The ApoE ε4 allele (APOEε4) is a major genetic risk factor for sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is linked to demyelination and cognitive decline. However, its effects on the lipid transporters apolipoprot...
Normal brain aging is associated with dopamine decline, which has been linked to age-related cognitive decline. Factors underlying individual differences in dopamine integrity at older ages remain, however, un...
Over recent years, the retina has been increasingly investigated as a potential biomarker for dementia. A number of studies have looked at the effect of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology on the retina and the...
Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is the most common tick-borne viral infection in Eurasia. Outcomes range from asymptomatic infection to fatal encephalitis, with host genetics likely playing a role. BALB/c mice h...
Chronic innate immune activation in the central nervous system (CNS) significantly contributes to neurodegeneration in progressive multiple sclerosis (MS). Using multiple experimental autoimmune encephalomyeli...
The retinal degenerative diseases retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and atrophic age- related macular degeneration (AMD) are characterized by vision loss from photoreceptor (PR) degeneration. Unfortunately, current tr...
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) and is a leading non-traumatic cause of disability in young adults. The 18 kDa Translocator Protein (TSPO) i...
The brain presents various structural and functional sex differences, for which multiple factors are attributed: genetic, epigenetic, metabolic, and hormonal. While biological sex is determined by both sex chr...
B cell immune dysregulation plays a critical role in myasthenia gravis (MG). However, targeted B-cell therapy such as rituximab may result in long-term peripheral B cell clearance and allow for the survival of...
Therapeutic translation is challenging in spinal cord injury (SCI) and large animal models with high clinical relevance may accelerate therapeutic development. Pigs have important anatomical and physiological ...
Neuroinflammation plays a major role in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and cumulative evidence suggests that systemic inflammation and the infiltration of immune cells into the brain contribute to this p...
Abnormality in transactivating response region DNA binding protein 43 (TDP43) is well-recognized as the pathological hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases. However, the role of TDP43 in neuromyelitis optica s...
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a leading cause of low back pain, often linked to inflammation and pyroptosis in nucleus pulposus (NP) cells. The role of Periostin (POSTN) in IDD remains unclear.
Central nervous system (CNS) injuries, such as ischemic stroke (IS), intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and traumatic brain injury (TBI), are a significant global burden. The complex pathophysiology of CNS injury ...
Deoxyribonuclease 2 (DNase II) is pivotal in the clearance of cytoplasmic double stranded DNA (dsDNA). Its deficiency incurs DNA accumulation in cytoplasm, which is a hallmark of multiple neurodegenerative dis...
Major depressive disorder is a prevalent mental disorder, yet its pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Accumulating evidence implicates dysregulated immune mechanisms as key contributors to depressive disor...
Traumatic brain injury is a leading cause of chronic neurologic disability and a risk factor for development of neurodegenerative disease. However, little is known regarding the pathophysiology of human trauma...
The thrombolytic protease tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is expressed in the CNS, where it regulates diverse functions including neuronal plasticity, neuroinflammation, and blood-brain-barrier integrity. H...
Lipid droplets (LDs), serving as the convergence point of energy metabolism and multiple signaling pathways, have garnered increasing attention in recent years. Different cell types within the central nervous ...
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is characterized by high mortality and disability rates. Disease-associated microglia (DAM) are a newly discovered subtype of microglia. However, their presence and function in the...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder worldwide, and microglia are thought to play a central role in neuroinflammatory events occurring in AD. Chemerin, an adipokine, has been impl...
Disturbances of the sleep-wake cycle and other circadian rhythms typically precede the age-related deficits in learning and memory, suggesting that these alterations in circadian timekeeping may contribute to ...
Immunothrombosis is the process by which the coagulation cascade interacts with the innate immune system to control infection. However, the formation of clots within the brain vasculature can be detrimental to...
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) causes prominent deposition of extracellular matrix molecules, particularly the chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan (CSPG) member neurocan. In tissue culture, neurocan impedes the ...
Following recent advances in post-thrombectomy stroke care, the role of neuroinflammation and neuroprotective strategies in mitigating secondary injury has gained prominence. Yet, while neuroprotection and ant...
Multiple Sclerosis (MS), a neuroinflammatory disease of the central nervous system, is one of the commonest causes of non-traumatic disability among young adults. Impaired cognition arises as an impactful symp...
The immune system has garnered attention due to its association with disease progression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, the role of peripheral immune cells in this context remains controversi...
Central nervous system (CNS) resident memory CD8 T cells (TRM) that express IFN-γ contribute to neurodegenerative processes, including synapse loss, leading to memory impairment. Here, we show that CCR2 signaling...
Inflammation is a critical driver of the early stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and offers an opportunity for therapeutic intervention before irreversible damage and vision loss associated with later stages...
The global incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is rapidly increasing, with retinopathy being its most common complication and a leading cause of preventable blindness. Although the precise mechanisms involved i...
A high-fat diet (HFD) induces obesity and insulin resistance, which may exacerbate amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) pathology during Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression. Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) accumulate in...
Schizophrenia is a complex multifactorial disorder and increasing evidence suggests the involvement of immune dysregulations in its pathogenesis. We observed that IKZF1 and IKZF2, classic immune-related transcrip...
Microvascular brain endothelial cells tightly limit the entry of blood components and peripheral cells into the brain by forming the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is regulated by a cascade of mechanical a...
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global health problem affecting millions of individuals annually, potentially resulting in persistent neuropathology, chronic neurological deficits, and death. However, TBI no...
Microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, play a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis in the central nervous system (CNS). However, they can also contribute to neurodegeneration through their pro-i...
Norepinephrine (NE) modulates cognitive function, arousal, attention, and responses to novelty and stress, and it also regulates neuroinflammation. We previously demonstrated behavioral and immunomodulatory ef...
Non-invasive photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT), employing specific infrared light wavelengths to stimulate biological tissues, has recently gained attention for its application to treat neurological disorders...
The Gas6/TAM (Tyro3, Axl, and Mer) receptor system has been implicated in demyelination and delayed remyelination in experimental animal models, but data in humans are scarce. We aimed to investigate the role ...
Glyphosate use in the United States (US) has increased each year since the introduction of glyphosate-tolerant crops in 1996, yet little is known about its effects on the brain. We recently found that C57BL/6J...
Uveitis manifests as immune-mediated inflammatory disorders within the eye, posing a serious threat to vision. The ketogenic diet (KD) has emerged as a promising dietary intervention, yet its impact on the imm...
Chronic migraine (CM) is a serious neurological disorder. Central sensitization is one of the important pathophysiological mechanisms underlying CM, and microglia-induced neuroinflammation conduces to central ...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) are leading neurodegenerative disorders marked by protein aggregation, with AD featuring amyloid-beta (Aβ) and tau proteins, and PD alpha-synuclein (αSyn)....
Pyroptosis, a novel form of programmed cell death, has been implicated in neurodegeneration diseases. However, its role in status epilepticus (SE)—a condition characterized by prolonged or repeated seizures—re...
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Journal of Neuroinflammation