Fig. 3

Enhanced IFN-γ signaling in the brain and serum of MIA offspring. (a) Heatmaps of the DEGs in the Chp from PBS and MIA offspring (n = 3 individual pools from 6 mice from 4 litters per group). (b) GO analysis of downregulated (blue) and upregulated (red) DEGs in the Chp of MIA offspring. (c) GSEA plots showing the enrichment of GO terms (response to IFN-β and response to IFN-γ) associated genes in MIA offspring compared with PBS offspring. (d) qPCR analysis of transcription levels of IFN-β and γ-related genes in the Chp of offspring (n = 9–10 from 4 litters). Unpaired T tests were applied. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001. (e) ELISA analysis of IFN-γ levels in the serum of offspring (n = 7 from 3–4 litters). Unpaired T tests were applied. ** P < 0.01. (f) Correlation analysis between serum IFN-γ level and ventricle size in offspring (n = 14 from 4–5 litters). (g) Representative IHC staining images of IFNGRI staining in the Chp and ependyma of neonatal offspring. Scale bars, 200 μm (low magnification), and 100 μm (high magnification). Quantification of IFNGR1-positive cells (n = 4 from 3 litters). Unpaired T tests were applied. * P < 0.05. (h) Representative IF staining images of IFNGR1 staining in the Chp and ependyma of adult offspring. Scale bars, 100 μm. Quantification of the fluorescence intensity of single cells (n = 5 from 3–4 litters). Unpaired T tests were applied. * P < 0.05