Table 4 Cargos associated with inflammation and their roles in ischemic stroke
Biomarker | Function in glioma | Patients / Models | Sample / treatment | Proposed Action in Stroke | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
miR-451 | Immune suppression | MCAO Mice | MiR-451 mimic / inhibitor | Regulation of apoptosis | [207] |
| Â | Â | Ischemia stroke patients / MCAO Mice | Peripheral blood /Brain tissue | Neuroprotective effect | [210] |
M2 macrophage polarization-related cargos | |||||
miR-1246 | M2 macrophage polarization | Patients with ischemic stroke | Serum | MiRNA microarray analysis | [211] |
IL-6 | M2 macrophage polarization | Cerebrovascular injured mice | Brain tissue | Angiogenesis and cerebrovascular repair | [194] |
MDSC related cargos | |||||
SDF-1α | Immunosuppressive function mediated by MDSCs | MCAO Mice | Brain tissue | Recruiting of monocytes to the infarcted tissue | [217] |
miR-21 | Immunosuppressive function mediated by MDSCs | Post-stroke cognitive impairment Patients | Serum | Clinical biomarker analysis | [232] |
| Â | Â | MCAO Rats | Brain tissue | Protection against ischemic neuronal death | [229] |
| Â | Â | MCAO Mice | MiR-21 mimic | Decrease in post-stroke brain damage | |
| Â | Â | Acute ischemic stroke patients / OGD cells | Plasma / Culture media | Pro-apoptotic effect | [231] |
miR‑29a | Immunosuppressive function mediated by MDSCs | MiR-29a-5p knockout MCAO Rats | Plasma / Brain tissues | Alleviation of neurological damage by controlling Pre-polarizing M1 Microglia | [221] |
| Â | Â | Two-vessel occlusion rats / Primary astrocyte | Tissue / Culture media | Protective effect on cell injury and mitochondrial function | [223] |
miR-92a | Immunosuppressive function mediated by MDSCs | Acute ischemic stroke patients | serum | Expression profiles analysis | [148] |
miR-10a | Immunosuppressive function mediated by MDSCs | Ischemic stroke patient | Blood sample | Genetic polymorphism analysis | [290] |
miR-10a | Â | ApoE knocked out mice | Tissue / Plasma | Inhibition of atherosclerotic lesion formation | [224] |
T cell related cargos | |||||
IFN-γ | Inhibition of CD8 + T cells | Stroke Patients | Serum | Biomarker analysis | [234] |
| Â | Â | Stroke-associated infection patients | Plasma | Biomarker analysis | |
| Â | Â | Post stroke depression patients | Plasma | Biomarker analysis | [291] |
PD-L1 | Inhibition of T cell function | MCAO mice | Soluble PD-L1 | Upregulation of macrophage precursors | [239] |
| Â | Â | PD-L1 knockout mice | Platelet cell | Regulation of platelet activation and thrombosis | [240] |
| Â | Â | PD-L1 knockout mice | Brain inflammatory cells | Presence T cells | [241] |
CD73 | Inhibiting T-cell clonal expansion | MCAO mice | Brain tissue | Regulation of leukocyte trafficking | [243] |