Fig. 8

UA pretreatment inhibited Mn-induced microglial mtDNA-STING activation. (A) Western blot analysis indicates STING signaling mediators (STING, pSTING, TBK1, pTBK1, IRF3, and pIRF3) dependent on mitophagy levels in UA-pretreated and Mn-treated BV2 cells. (B) Anti-DNA (red) immunostaining reveals decreased mtDNA in UA-pretreated compared with Mn-treated BV2 cells (n = 4 independent experiments). (C) qPCR results indicate decreased cytosolic mtDNA in UA -pretreated compared with Mn-treated BV2 cells (n = 4 independent experiments). Vinculin was used as a loading control. Data are presented as mean ± SD; significance is denoted as ***P < 0.001, **P < 0.01 vs. control group; ##P < 0.01 vs. 600 µM Mn treated-BV2 cells group