Fig. 3

Serum proteomics. (A) Volcano plots showing −log10p-values and log2 fold changes from differential expression analysis. Red dots indicate differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) shown in gene names. (B) Violin plots showing normalized protein expression (NPX) values for six proteins isolated as DEPs with rapid versus non-rapid amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). (C) Violin plots showing expression levels for phosphorylated neurofilament H (pNfH). Lines and asterisks show significant combinations by Tukey’s HSD test (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.005, and ***p < 0.0005)