Fig. 5

Increased number of CD8⁺ T cells in MS patients with impaired cognition. (a) Representative immunohistochemical staining for myelin (MBP, in red) and CD8 + T cells (in green) and staining for cell nuclei (DAPI, blue) in demyelinated areas of postmortem hippocampal slices of non-demented donors (NDC) and multiple sclerosis donors diagnosed with preserved (MSCP) and impaired cognition (MSCI). Scale bar: 100 μm. (b) Graph bars represent the quantification of the number of CD8⁺ T cells normalized to the lesion area. (c) Representative close-up of the immunohistochemical staining of CD8 T cells (in green) and microglia (Iba1, in grey) interactions. Scale bar: 10 μm. (d) Graph bars the number of CD8⁺ T cells adherent to Iba1⁺ cells (N = 8 for NDC, MSCP and MSCI). *p < 0.05, and **p < 0.01 vs. NDC; ##p < 0.01 vs. MSCP