Fig. 1

Activation of the IL-6-STAT3 pathway in the hippocampus of 5×FAD mice. (A) Western blot analysis of IL-6 expression in hippocampal tissue from WT and 5×FAD mice at different ages. (B) Quantification of IL-6 levels shown in panel (A). Western blot analysis of p-STAT3 and total STAT3 in hippocampal tissue from WT and 5×FAD mice at 4 months (C), 6 months (E), 9 months (G), 12 months (I) of age. (D), (F), (H), (J) Quantification of the p-STAT3/STAT3 ratio and total STAT3 levels corresponding to panels (C), (E), (G), and (I). Western blot analysis of p-STAT3 and STAT3 in hippocampal tissue from 5×FAD (K) and WT (M) mice across different ages. (L), (N) Quantification of the p-STAT3/STAT3 ratio and total STAT3 levels corresponding to panels (K) and (M). Each data point represents an individual mouse. Panels (A-J): n = 5 mice per group (mixed sexes). Panels (K-N): n = 3 mice per group (mixed sexes). Statistical significance for panels (B), (D), (F), (H), and (J) was determined using Student’s t-test or Welch’s t-test. For panels (L) and (N), statistical significance was assessed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test or the Games-Howell test. Data are presented as mean ± S.E.M. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001, Ns: not significant