Fig. 5

Increased inflammation in the livers of Wilson’s disease (WD) mice. (A) Immunohistochemical detection of myeloperoxidase-positive (MPO) positive cells in the livers of R778L and tx-j mice. (B) MPO-positive cells per field in the livers of R778L and tx-j mice (n = 6 per group). (C and D) Hepatic expression of genes involved in hepatic inflammation (Tnf, Il1b, Il6, and Il18) was analyzed in R778L and tx-j mice using quantitative real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) (n = 5–7 per group). (E) qRT-PCR analysis of Ccl2, Nos2, and Cd68 mRNA expression in the livers of WD mice (n = 5–7 per group). The data are presented as the mean ± SEM and were evaluated using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. * p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001 versus the corresponding wild-type (WT) mice