Fig. 9

Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) shows that TBI is the principal driver of microglial-inflammatory pathway changes. IPA determined the activation of its set of canonical pathways based on the inclusion of genes with p < 0.05; the pathways' z-score is an indicator of activity level (positive-upregulated; negative-downregulated); all pathways with z-score > 2 or < -2 in at least one group are presented as these levels are considered the minimal criteria for significant upregulation or downregulation, respectively. The microglia from TBI-SD mice demonstrated significant upregulation and downregulation in specific canonical pathways when compared to Sham-SD. Notably, TBI-HFD mice displayed a significant increase in the activation level of canonical upregulated pathways, when compared to TBI-SD counterparts. Data expressed as mean ± STDEV