Fig. 3

Obesity-Induced Alterations in BBB Transporters. This figure demonstrates the effects of obesity on BBB transporters: Glut-1 function is initially impaired by high-fat intake but may be normalized with prolonged obesity, despite potential impacts on neuronal health and cognition. Brain endothelial insulin transport is disrupted, contributing to central insulin resistance, and often associated with cognitive dysfunction and neurological disorders. Leptin transport impairment is linked to carrier system saturation, independent of leptin receptor expression changes. Obesity suppresses P-glycoprotein expression and function, potentially increasing brain accumulation of toxins and drugs. LAT1 expression and amino acid uptake are reduced in the hypothalamus of obese, diabetic mice, reflecting impaired amino acid transporter function at the BBB.